UPLC-QTOF-MS fingerprinting combined with chemometrics to assess the solvent extraction efficiency, phytochemical variation, and antioxidant activities of Beta vulgaris L.

Authors

Junyi Wang, Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, USAFollow
Guddadarangavvanahally Krishnareddy Jayaprakasha, Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, USAFollow
Bhimanagouda S. Patil, Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Department of Horticultural Sciences, USAFollow

Keywords

Red beet, Golden beet, UPLC-QTOF-MS, Antioxidant activities, Multivariate data analysis

Abstract

Accurate assays of plant antioxidants and other phytochemicals require efficient extraction conditions and enable rigorous assessments of crop varieties and production systems. This study assessed the extraction of phytochemicals and antioxidants from conventionally or organically grown red and golden beets (Beta vulgaris L.), using twenty solvent (S1eS20) mixtures containing water, methanol, and ethanol alone or with acids (ascorbic, formic, acetic). Red beetroot extracted with methanol with or without acid had the highest betanin content (2791.0 mg/g and 8222.3 mg/g of fresh weight [FW], respectively) and golden beetroot extracted with methanol/ascorbic acid/water had the highest vulgaxanthin I (193.7 mg/g and 15.0 mg/g of FW, respectively). The radical-scavenging activity and total phenolics in beetroot extracts reflected the different extraction efficiency of each solvent. UHPLC-QTOF-MS was used to identify twenty-seven phytochemicals, including 23 betalains, 2 amino acids, and 2 phenolic acids. Chemometric approaches discriminated the beet varieties and different extracts within one variety based on the composition and abundance of the key phytochemicals. The red beetroot extracted with aqueous ethanol with or without acid (S5, S7, S8, S9), and golden beetroot extracted with methanol-containing solvents (S15 for conventionally and S20 for organically) had the highest levels of phytochemicals, suggesting that these conditions efficiently extract key phytochemicals.

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Recommended Citation

Wang, Junyi; Jayaprakasha, Guddadarangavvanahally Krishnareddy; and Patil, Bhimanagouda S. (2020) "UPLC-QTOF-MS fingerprinting combined with chemometrics to assess the solvent extraction efficiency, phytochemical variation, and antioxidant activities of Beta vulgaris L.," Journal of Food and Drug Analysis: Vol. 28 : Iss. 2 , Article 3.
Available at: https://doi.org/10.38212/2224-6614.1056

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.

Publisher Note

Due to printer error, this article was previously made available with incorrect page numbers. The article has been repaginated and the article is now available with the correct page numbers for volume 28, issue 2 217-230.